GSH can modulate the activity of various redox-sensitive signaling pathways, including the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which regulates the expression of antioxidant and detoxification genes, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis
This design preserves long-term plasma exposure and steady-state signaling thresholds without requiring continuous infusion protocols
Frequent or high-dose use can increase oxidative stress and, in some cases, cause liver injuryespecially when combined with alcohol or preexisting liver strain
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PMID: 27203671